• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Non-intrusive optical instrument, based on laser light sources, to measure lengths of small bodies and pieces and/or lengths of distances between two points of them. It is designed with the purpose of obtaining precise measurements where, for reasons of safety, hygiene, risk of contamination, etc. For the object or for the agent of the measure, it is desired to avoid contact between the instrument and the body or piece to be measured. It can be used to measure any kind of small bodies or pieces, but it is especially indicated for situations where the object of measurement is not directly accessible to the instrument. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2573353A1
    申请号:ES201600276
    申请日:2016-03-28
    公开日:2016-06-07
    发明作者:Alberto Manuel TORRES CANTERO；Jaime MENDIOLA OLIVARES
    申请人:Universidad de Murcia；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION

    Optical instrument for measuring contactless length.

    Object of the invention 5

    The present invention consists of a non-intrusive optical instrument, based on laser light sources (FLL), to measure dimensions of small bodies, parts or spaces and dimensions or distances between two points of them. The instrument is designed with the purpose of obtaining precise measurements avoiding contact between the instrument and the body or part to be measured. The instrument can be used to measure any kind of small bodies or parts, but it is especially indicated where the object of measurement is not directly accessible to the instrument, or when the body under measure is sensitive to the instrument's contact and it cannot or should not lean or contact about it. fifteen

    Technical sector

    The main sector of application is that of linear length metrology in general and, particularly, in the sector of scientific, medical, biological, veterinary instrumentation, etc.

    Prior art

    Sometimes, it is necessary to make measurements of small lengths or distances between 25 points located on small bodies or pieces, to which there is no direct access, or on which it is not convenient to establish physical contact for different reasons: safety, hygiene, intimate areas of the body, risk of damage or alteration of the body, risk of contamination, etc. We can find examples of this type of measurement when performed on certain parts of living beings, animals or plants. A clear example of application in mammals is the measurement of ano-genital distance (AGD), measurement of moles and lesions in dermatology. In these cases, instruments such as grommets or different types of gauges are commonly used, either analog or digital reading.
     35
    No device was found for non-contact measurement of the dimensions of small bodies or distances between two points of them. For example, to measure without contact of the instrument the ano-genital distance of a baby.

    On the other hand, there is a wide range of products to measure linear distances 40 between the instrument and certain points, using FLL; for example, instruments to measure dimensions of premises, rooms, plots of urban or rustic land, or to measure the proximity between the instrument and a nearby body (proximity detectors), etc.
     Four. Five
    In the field of industrial machine machinery, there are also optical instruments to measure or keep constant the distance between two points of a machine, or to measure thicknesses of rolled parts, to measure lengths of parts that slide along a belt (in line) , etc.
     fifty
    In this type of meter, the pieces or objects to be measured are passed in front of the meter so that its image and its dimensions are accurately captured.

    Description of the invention
     5
    The instrument proposed in this report covers a technological vacuum in the measurement of lengths in certain situations in which it is difficult to access the object to be measured, or when coming into contact with the object to be measured entails risk of damage, destruction or contamination of the same or of who carries out the measurement, etc. The mechanical instruments that are currently used (king's foot, bolts, etc.) are metallic or hardened plastic and have sharp edges or edges that can disturb or even damage the individual when the measurement is made, even more when the measurement is performed on early or sick individuals.

    Its operation is based on the properties of the laser beam. As is known, the laser beam 15 consists of a light beam that does not disperse and projects over a long distance with very little variation in the beam diameter. Taking this property into account, if we place two FLLs aligned in parallel so that the emitting rays form two perfectly parallel beams of light, the distance between the two beams of light will remain constant in each of the imaginary perpendicular planes that go through the rays when separating from the sources. In this way, if we focus the laser rays towards a rectilinear segment and perpendicularly to it, so that each of the light beams respectively affects one of the ends of the segment, the distance between the two light sources will coincide with the length between the ends of said segment. We can also do it to measure the length of an object or the distance between two points of an object.

    In order to perform the measurement on an object as described above, we must mount the two FLLs in parallel on a rigid structure that keeps its ends aligned and, this structure, with a degree of freedom that allows adjusting the distance 30 between said sources of laser so that the rays affect the ends of the segment that you want to measure. In addition, as it is intended to apply the measuring instrument to both inert beings and living beings, animals or plants, low emission power FLL will be chosen, avoiding the risk of cutaneous photosensitization reactions (skin redness) or Burns. It is known that the 35 lasers with wavelengths between 600 nm and 780 nm have such low energy levels that they do not generate a risk to the skin and even less if they are of low power and the exposure time is small (~ 10 seconds ).

    For reasons of measurement accuracy, FLLs with a small beam diameter 40 will be selected, which define with little error the ends of the segment to be measured. As the light beams remain parallel and the beam diameter does not disperse, fairly accurate measurements can be made over close distances.

    To correctly make a length measurement with this instrument, the parallel rays must be directed towards the object, so that the segment to be measured is parallel to the axis perpendicular to the two laser sources and the rays perpendicularly affect the segment whose length is desired to size. The two laser sources must be separated until the two laser light points are adjusted on the ends of the segment to be measured. Next, the distance between the two laser sources is measured, thus obtaining the result of the measurement.
    The example of a situation indicated for using this instrument is found in the determination of the ano-genital distance (AGD) shown in FIG 4. It is an anthropometric parameter that is usually used as an assessment criterion in toxicology studies. animal in the US Environmental Protection Agencies and is one of the biomarkers most sensitive to the prenatal hormonal environment. AGD is a 5 sexual dimorphism, being twice as long in males as in females. It is known that certain abnormalities of the reproductive tract in infants, such as critorchidia or hypospadias, are associated with a shortened AGD, showing that the prenatal androgenic environment was not adequate. In adults, in both men and women, AGD has been associated with alterations of the tract and reproductive system and hormonal levels, which would have a potential intrauterine origin. However, there are still many hypotheses and studies to be done in which AGD will be used as a biomarker of a prenatal hormonal environment, hence the importance of this measure and that it be carried out in the most appropriate and accurate way possible.
     fifteen
    The use of a gauge in the measure of the AGD entails the risk of rubbing with the metal tips of the same in sensitive areas of the human anatomy, especially if the measurement is made on babies or the elderly. Therefore, the measurement without contact with this instrument is especially indicated here.
     twenty
    In medicine it is also indicated the use of this instrument in the measure of skin lesions, in dentistry, in urology and gynecology, etc.

    In the field of animal toxicology, it can also be applied for the taking of AGD in other placental mammals and in veterinary or animal anatomy for the measurement of parts 25 or lesions of interest. In botany and horticulture for the measurement of leaves, buds, flowers or roots. In general, in any branch of biology, medicine or science in which, for safety, hygiene, contamination or preservation of the integrity of the living being object of the measure, or of the agent who performs the measurement, contact with the object can be problematic. 30

    Even in those situations in which the element to be measured is not directly accessible by traditional instruments (ruler, gauge, etc.) because it is in a remote place.
     35
    On the other hand, contrary to what it may seem, the measurement with an instrument such as the caliper or king's foot with an accuracy of 0.01 mm, for example, does not guarantee that the result of the measurement is obtained with the same precision in cases such as the measure of the AGD; since the two points that define the extremes of that distance (the center of the anal sphincter at the base of the sexual organ), by their very nature, cannot be located 40 with such precision. Therefore, the measurement with an instrument that has an accuracy of 0.5 mm can give results as valid in this case, as those provided by an instrument that has the precision of 0.01 mm as the king's foot. That is, the mistake made when measuring a distance from the nature of the AGD does not depend on the measuring instrument, but on the nature of the "object" to be measured. Four. Five

    Finally, the maximum length that can be measured with this instrument will depend on the maximum distance at which the two FLLs can be separated, that is, it will depend on the dimensions of the mechanical structure that is designed to build the instrument. In the same way, the minimum length that can be measured will depend on the minimum distance at 50 that the two FLLs can approximate.
    Brief description of the content of the figures

    To complement the description of the invention and in order to help a better understanding of its characteristics, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of 5 drawings is attached as an integral part of the description, where, with Illustrative and non-limiting, the following is represented:

    Figure 1. Drawing showing the measuring instrument, highlighting: main body 1, moving body 2, rod 3, laser light sources 4, engraved or printed gutter 5, digital encoder 6, cogwheel to control the sliding of the moving rod on the main 10 7.

    Figure 2. Drawing illustrating the parallel position between the instrument and the object to be measured.

    Figure 3. Drawing illustrating the case of non-parallel positions between the instrument and the object to be measured.

    Figure 4. Image illustrating ano-genital distances (AGDAC and AGDAF) in a female human body.
     twenty
    Reference List

    1. Main body.

    2. Mobile body. 25

    3. Rod

    4. Laser light sources.
     30
    5. Engraving or printed gouge.

    6. Encoder with digital display.

    7. Cogwheel. 35

    8. Row of teeth.

    9. Beams of laser light.
     40
    10. Object to be measured.

    11. Anus-clitoral anus-genital distance (AGDAC).

    12. Anus-fourchette anus-genital distance (AGDAF). Four. Five

    13. Series of laser light sources.


     fifty

    Description of a preferred embodiment of the invention

    The measuring instrument can basically be constructed, as presented in FIG 1, by means of three pieces, namely a main body 1, a rod 3 fixedly attached to the main body and a movable body 2 hooked to the rod but with a degree of freedom 5 which allows you to slide longitudinally on the rod that functions as a rail. On each of the bodies a low intensity laser light source 4 is fixed, aligned in parallel so that they direct their light beams in parallel and in the same direction; The direction of said beams is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the moving body on the rod. By achieving a precise parallelism between the two light sources 10, the laser light beams emitting these will remain parallel, especially in the vicinity of the instrument. The length of the rod determines the maximum travel of the moving body and in turn determines the maximum length that can be measured with the instrument. The rod has a millimeter ruler 5 marked or printed so that the edge of the inner end of the movable body, which is closer to the rod, 15 indicates the measurement of the separation distance between the two light sources and, therefore, , the measure of the separation between the two rays of laser light. The numerical reading made in this rule will increase as the mobile body moves in the direction of separating the two FLLs. Alternatively, a digital encoder 6 is housed in the mobile body frictionally connected to the rod, such that a digital reading 20 of the length of the displacement that has occurred and, therefore, a digital reading of the distance between The two beams of light.

    To correctly make a length measurement with this instrument, the parallel rays of the FLLs must be directed towards the object, so that the rays strike perpendicularly on the segment whose length to be measured. In this way, the distance between the points where the laser beams will coincide with the reading of the distance that can be read on the instrument, either on the strip or on the display of the digital encoder.
     30
    As shown in FIG 2, when the previous geometric arrangement is achieved, the segment to be measured is parallel to the rod of the instrument, that is, the distances between the end of each FLL to the corresponding end of the segment to be measured are equal (regardless its value). Taking into account this fact, the FLL can be replaced by two laser distance measuring instruments, so that when both measure and result in the same distance to the body under measure, it will be fulfilled that the instrument is well positioned to measure and reading of the measure will be taken. The verification that the distances obtained by the two laser measuring instruments are equal and the measurement of the encoder can be carried out by a microcontroller programmed for it and installed inside the fixed body of the instrument, which receives the information of distance of the two laser meters and the encoder length measurement.

    To facilitate sliding and precisely adjust the position of the mobile body, so that the two laser beams fit perfectly to the ends of the segment to be measured, a cogwheel 7 is housed in the mobile body so that its 45 teeth rest on a row of teeth 8, arranged longitudinally on the rod and turning the sprocket cause the movement of the movable body on the rod in either of the two directions.

    The measurement can also be carried out without the need to achieve a parallel between the line defined by the segment to be measured and the longitudinal direction of the rod of the
    instrument, as can be seen in FIG 3. With that relative position between the instrument and the segment to be measured, the length of the segment being measured is greater than the separation distance between the light beams (as originally presented by the instrument); but starting from the two distance measurements provided by the two laser meters and using trigonometry, a correction can be made on the original measurement of the instrument to obtain the real length of the segment. This mathematical calculation is carried out by the microcontroller programmed for it and installed in the fixed body of the instrument, which receives the distance information of the two laser meters and the encoder length measurement and provides the actual distance of the segment being measured. In this way the instrument will perform the measurement 10 correctly, even if the parallel condition mentioned above is not fulfilled.

    A wireless communication module can also be installed in the instrument so that the measurement result is sent to a nearby receiver (computer, tablet, mobile phone, etc.). fifteen

    So that the segment being measured is not only defined by the two laser light points at its ends, laser light sources are included between the series of teeth of the rod so that said segment is illuminated throughout its length by points of laser light aligned. twenty

    In the fixed body and in the mobile body of the instrument, the batteries that power the FLL, the electronic circuit of the microcontroller and the wireless communication module are housed.
     25
    This embodiment of the invention is not unique, since another geometry can be chosen for the two bodies that make up the instrument, for example two cylindrical tubes (or triangular, square, etc.) that slide longitudinally by introducing one inside of the other.
    30
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]

    1. Optical instrument for measuring small lengths comprising:
    - Main body (1), 5
    - Rod (3), fixedly attached to the main body,
    - Moving body (2) longitudinally superimposed on the rod,
     10
    - Two fixed laser light sources (4), one to the main body and the other to the mobile body, positioned so that they emit light rays in the same direction and direction forming these rays two parallel lines; in turn, these parallel lines are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rod.
     fifteen
    [2]
    2. Optical instrument according to the preceding claim, wherein the mobile body has only one degree of freedom in the direction of the rail constituted by the rod.

    [3]
    3. Optical instrument according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the rod is engraved or printed with a ruler (5) millimeter and numbered, starting the numbering at zero 20 next to the fixed body and increasing said numbering as it moves away from the fixed body.

    [4]
    4. Optical instrument according to claims 1 to 3, wherein a digital encoder (6) is installed in the mobile body, electronically showing on the display of said encoder, the measurement of the distance between the mobile body and the fixed one. 25

    [5]
    5. Optical instrument according to claim 1 to 4, wherein the two laser light sources are part of two laser distance measuring instruments.

    [6]
    6. Optical instrument according to claims 1 to 5, wherein in the fixed body there is a microcontroller programmed to calculate the length measurement, from the encoder reading and the measurements obtained by the two laser meters.

    [7]
    7. Optical instrument according to claims 1 to 6, wherein a wheel (7) is inserted in the movable body, with its axle supported on it, whose perimeter teeth fit 35 in a row of teeth (8) distributed along the face of the rod next to the wheel, so that when the wheel is rotated on its axis the moving body slides along the rod.

    [8]
    8. Optical instrument according to claims 1 to 7, wherein the rod has installed between the teeth of the series, a series of laser light sources (13) whose rays are directed towards the object under measure.
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    WO2006107265A1|2005-04-05|2006-10-12|Haglöf Sweden AB|Means for measuring a diameter|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201600276A|ES2573353B1|2016-03-28|2016-03-28|Optical instrument for non-contact length measurement|ES201600276A| ES2573353B1|2016-03-28|2016-03-28|Optical instrument for non-contact length measurement|
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